Selenium is an essential trace mineral that protects cells from damage, supports thyroid health, and boosts immunity. For hair, selenium helps regulate follicle growth and prevents oxidative stress that can weaken hair

Amla, also known as Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis or Phyllanthus emblica), is a fruit long used in Ayurvedic medicine. It is rich in vitamin C, antioxidants, and polyphenols that support hair, skin, and overall health. For hair, amla is known to strengthen follicles, promote growth, and prevent premature graying.

Black pepper (Piper nigrum) is a common spice with strong medicinal value. Its main active compound, piperine, is known for improving nutrient absorption, boosting metabolism, and providing antioxidant support. In hair health supplements, black pepper extract enhances the bioavailability of vitamins, minerals, and herbs that promote stronger hair growth.

Curcumin is the main active compound in turmeric (Curcuma longa), a yellow root widely used as a spice and medicine. It is well known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. For hair, curcumin supports follicle health, reduces scalp inflammation, and may help slow hair thinning.

Ginkgo biloba is one of the oldest living tree species, often called a “living fossil.” Extracts from its leaves are widely used to improve circulation, memory, and brain health. For hair, ginkgo supports scalp blood flow, reduces oxidative stress, and helps protect follicles from damage.

Grape seed extract comes from the small seeds of grapes and is rich in antioxidants called proanthocyanidins. These compounds are powerful protectors against free radicals, which damage cells and speed up aging. For hair, grape seed extract helps protect follicles, improves scalp circulation, and supports stronger, healthier growth.

Green tea comes from the leaves of the Camellia sinensis plant and is rich in natural antioxidants called catechins. The most powerful is epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which protects cells, improves circulation, and supports healthy hair growth. For hair, EGCG may reduce hormone-driven thinning and protect follicles from stress and damage.

Horsetail (Equisetum arvense) is an ancient plant that has existed for over 100 million years. It is well known for its high mineral content, especially silica, which supports hair, skin, and nail strength. In hair health, horsetail extract may improve shine, reduce breakage, and support stronger follicle growth.

L-Cysteine is a sulfur-containing amino acid that plays an important role in building proteins, especially keratin, the main protein in hair, skin, and nails. It is considered a “semi-essential” amino acid because the body can make some, but extra from diet or supplements may improve hair health.

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a fragrant Mediterranean herb known for its culinary and medicinal uses. As an extract, rosemary is valued for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and circulation-boosting effects. For hair, it is used to stimulate growth, strengthen follicles, and reduce scalp irritation.

Saw palmetto (Serenoa repens) is a small palm native to the southeastern United States. Its berries have long been used for urinary and reproductive health. Today, saw palmetto extract is also valued for supporting hair health, especially in reducing hormone-related hair loss.

Lactobacillus plantarum (UALp-05) is a well-studied probiotic strain that supports gut, immune, and skin health. It is known for its ability to survive stomach acid, colonize the intestines, and produce compounds that improve digestion and lower inflammation. For hair, L. plantarum may reduce stress, improve nutrient absorption, and create a healthier environment for follicle growth.

Lactobacillus reuteri (UALre-16) is a probiotic strain naturally found in the human gut, breast milk, and oral cavity. It is one of the most studied probiotics for immune balance, skin health, and hormone support. For hair, L. reuteri helps through its effects on the gut–skin–hair axis by reducing inflammation, enhancing nutrient absorption, and influencing hormones associated with hair growth.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus (UALr-06) is a clinically studied probiotic strain known for its strong survival in the digestive system. It is widely researched for digestive, immune, and skin benefits. For hair, this strain supports the gut–skin–hair axis by improving nutrient absorption, lowering stress and inflammation, and supporting a healthier scalp environment.

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a Mediterranean herb known for liver protection and detoxification. Its extract, rich in silymarin, supports skin health by improving toxin clearance, reducing inflammation, and protecting collagen.

Bromelain is a natural enzyme complex extracted from pineapple stems and juice. It is best known for reducing inflammation, aiding digestion, and promoting wound healing. For skin, bromelain helps reduce acne swelling, improve healing, and calm irritated tissues.

Soy isoflavones are plant-derived compounds classified as phytoestrogens, meaning they have mild estrogen-like activity in the body. For skin, they help improve elasticity, reduce wrinkles, and support collagen by interacting with estrogen receptors in skin cells.

Chastetree berry, also known as Vitex, is a Mediterranean herb traditionally used to support hormonal balance. For skin, it is especially helpful in acne linked to menstrual cycles or hormone fluctuations.

Bifidobacterium lactis is a probiotic bacterium naturally found in the human gut and in fermented foods like yogurt. It supports digestive health, immune balance, and skin health through the gut-skin axis. For acne, it helps by reducing inflammation and improving gut barrier function.

Bifidobacterium longum is a probiotic species naturally present in the human gut. It supports digestion, reduces oxidative stress, and helps regulate the immune system. In skin health, it improves barrier function, reduces acne inflammation, and calms sensitive skin.

Lactobacillus acidophilus is one of the most well-studied probiotics, known for promoting gut health, improving immunity, and supporting skin clarity. For acne, it helps by balancing gut bacteria, reducing inflammation, and limiting growth of harmful microbes.

Lactobacillus paracasei is a probiotic strain known for strengthening the skin barrier, modulating the immune system, and reducing inflammatory responses that can worsen acne and eczema. It is often studied for its ability to improve both gut and skin health.

Lactobacillus plantarum is one of the most versatile probiotic species, widely studied for its role in balancing gut microbiota, reducing oxidative stress, and improving skin hydration. It has strong antioxidant activity and helps regulate inflammation, making it valuable for acne, eczema, and premature aging of skin.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus is a clinically well-documented probiotic, particularly known for its immune-modulating properties and benefits for skin health. It helps reduce acne flare-ups, supports eczema management, and promotes a smoother complexion through its gut-skin axis influence.

Vitamin A is an essential nutrient that supports healthy skin, vision, and immune function. It plays a key role in skin renewal, reducing acne, and protecting against dryness and early aging. Retinyl acetate is a preformed form of vitamin A, while beta carotene is a plant-based form that the body can turn into vitamin A when needed.

Niacin, also called vitamin B3, is an important nutrient for energy, skin, and brain health. The form called niacinamide is especially gentle and skin-friendly. It helps reduce acne, redness, and uneven tone while supporting clear, healthy skin.

Zinc is an essential mineral that plays a major role in skin healing, immune defense, and reducing acne. The form zinc ascorbate combines zinc with vitamin C (ascorbic acid), which improves absorption and adds antioxidant support. This makes it especially useful for clearer skin and faster repair of breakouts.

Chromium is a trace mineral that helps the body manage blood sugar and insulin. The form chromium polynicotinate is a highly absorbable type made by combining chromium with niacin (vitamin B3). Stable blood sugar levels are linked to clearer skin, because high spikes in insulin can trigger more oil production and acne flare-ups.

Astaxanthin is a red-orange carotenoid pigment found in microalgae, salmon, shrimp, and krill. It is one of the most powerful natural antioxidants, known to be much stronger than vitamin C or vitamin E. For skin, astaxanthin supports elasticity, reduces wrinkles, and protects against UV-induced aging.

Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin essential for red blood cell formation, nervous system function, and DNA synthesis. In supplements, it is often provided as methylcobalamin, the active form that is easily used by the body. For skin, vitamin B12 supports cell renewal, oxygen delivery, and healthy pigmentation, all of which contribute to a youthful appearance.

Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, is a water-soluble vitamin that plays a major role in energy metabolism and the production of keratin, the main protein in skin, hair, and nails. It is often called the “beauty vitamin” because of its connection to healthy skin glow, strong nails, and fuller hair.

Pantothenic acid, also known as vitamin B5, is a water-soluble vitamin that is essential for making coenzyme A, a molecule needed for energy metabolism and fatty acid production. For skin, pantothenic acid supports wound healing, reduces acne, and helps maintain a strong skin barrier.

Zinc is an essential trace mineral that supports immunity, wound healing, and skin health. In supplements, it is often provided as zinc picolinate, a form with high absorption. For skin, zinc helps control oil production, reduces acne, and supports tissue repair.

Selenium is an essential trace mineral that plays a powerful role in antioxidant defense, thyroid function, and immune balance. In supplements, it is often provided as sodium selenate, a stable and well-absorbed form. For skin, selenium protects against oxidative stress, supports elasticity, and helps reduce UV-related damage.

Milk thistle (Silybum marianum) is a flowering plant native to the Mediterranean region. Its seeds are rich in silymarin, a group of antioxidant compounds that protect the liver, reduce inflammation, and support skin health. For skin, milk thistle helps neutralize free radicals, improve detoxification, and maintain a clearer, more radiant complexion.

Polypodium leucotomos is a tropical fern native to Central and South America. Its leaf extract has powerful antioxidant and photoprotective properties, meaning it helps protect skin from UV damage and oxidative stress. For skin health, it is best known for reducing sunburn, slowing photoaging, and improving conditions like melasma and psoriasis.

Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most widely studied plants for health and longevity. Its leaf extract is rich in antioxidants, particularly epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which protects cells from oxidative damage. For skin, green tea supports anti-aging, reduces inflammation, and helps maintain an even skin tone.

Grape seed extract is derived from the seeds of red grapes and is one of the richest natural sources of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs). These are powerful antioxidants that protect the skin from free radical damage, support collagen, and improve circulation. For skin, grape seed extract helps reduce wrinkles, improve elasticity, and brighten tone.

Alpha lipoic acid (ALA) is a naturally occurring compound made in small amounts by the body and also found in certain foods. It is both water- and fat-soluble, allowing it to work in nearly every cell. For skin, ALA helps reduce wrinkles, improve texture, and protect against oxidative stress that accelerates aging.

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a fruit rich in antioxidants, polyphenols, and vitamins that protect the skin from damage and aging. Its extract is widely studied for improving elasticity, reducing inflammation, and protecting against UV stress. For skin, pomegranate helps promote radiance, even tone, and firmness.

Lycopene is a bright red carotenoid pigment found in tomatoes, watermelon, pink grapefruit, and other red fruits. It is a strong antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative damage. For skin, lycopene helps reduce wrinkles, protect against UV damage, and maintain an even, radiant complexion.

Lutein is a yellow-orange carotenoid from the xanthophyll family. It is best known for supporting eye health, but research shows it also benefits skin by protecting against UV damage, improving hydration, and reducing wrinkles. As a strong antioxidant, lutein helps keep skin radiant and youthful.